The Quality feed to the birds gives quality results. The good poultry feed can maximize the performance and production of the birds. The feed should be packed with Nutrition So that the birds can produce more amount of Nutrition for Human Beings in the form of Meat and Eggs.
If you are planning to make your own poultry feed or entering in feed business then get this research-based feed formula for Broilers and country chicken.
The Birds Require feed balanced with Energy, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, and other Feed Additives in the feed for Better growth and Production.
Poultry feed is a mixture of cereals, cereals by-product, Vegetables, Soybean cake, Animal Protein, Feed supplements, Feed Additives, and premixes.
Poultry feed is the key part of the Poultry Business. There are two major costs involve in Poultry Farming the first is chick costs and the second is Feed cost.
The 70% of costs from the total cost is spent on the Poultry Feed. The feed cost can be minimized and include an extra margin in the profit. A better feed can simply help in enhancing the Poultry Breed and And save the Birds from Major Poultry disease.
Here we give a brief account of poultry feed formulation methods or How to Make Your Own Poultry Feed for the Broilers.
Every Poultry Business person should know the feed formulation to improve feed quality.
Important Facts in Poultry Feed
Phase feeding: nutrition density changes according to age. Feeding poultry according to their stage of growth.
Metabolizable Energy (ME): energy Measurement in feed and expressed in kilocalories (Kcal) or in Mega calories Mcal
Crude protein: Amount of protein present in feed it is expressed in %.
Amino Acids: The protein made from the Amino acids. There are twenty types of amino acids. The amino acids present in the least amount in the feed. The birds have a deficiency of some amino acids. Therefore, the most essential amino acids like Lysine and Methionine have to add from external sources.
The Main Amino Acids have to add in the poultry feed are:
Methionine
it is limiting amino acid in poultry feed. Methionine is one of the important factors for the growth of poultry. it present in maize and soybean in a very limited amount. It is additional nutrition we have to add in the feed. Without Methionine growth, rapid growth isn’t possible.
Lysine
it is another limiting amino acid in the poultry feed. Which is quite important for the growth of the chickens. Available in Maize and soybean in very less amount which has to fulfill from external sources.
Threonine
It fulfills the requirement of crude protein. If the protein if enough according to requirement of chickens than there is no need for threonine.
Poultry Feed ingredient sources
Energy Sources – Cereals Grains, Grains by-product
Some important energy sources below mainly use one or two at a time in the poultry feed.
Corn
Corn is one of the main source of energy in the poultry feed. Its also known as Maize in some countries. 60 to 70 percent corn used in feed depends on the requirement.
Some Important Corn Nutrients in percentage (%)
| Kcal/kg | 3330 |
| Crude Protein | 8.5 |
| Calcium | 0.01 |
| Phosphorus | 0.13 |
| Sodium | 0.05 |
| Chloride | 0.05 |
| Methionine | 0.20 |
| Methionine+cystine | 0.31 |
| Lysine | 0.20 |
| Threonine | 0.41 |
Wheat
Wheat is another good source of energy which is used in many countries in Poultry feed. Or it can be added with corn according to feed formulation.
Some Important wheat Nutrients in percentage (%)
| Kcal/kg | 3150 |
| Crude Protein | 12 |
| Calcium | 0.05 |
| Phosphorus | 0.20 |
| Sodium | 0.09 |
| Chloride | 0.08 |
| Methionine | 0.20 |
| Methionine + cystine | 0.41 |
| Lysine | 0.49 |
| Threonine | 0.42 |
Shorgum
In poultry feed sorghum always compared with corn its nutrients is little bit less than corn. It also known as Milo.
Some Important Sorghum Nutrients in percentage (%)
| Kcal/kg | 3250 |
| Crude Protein | 9 |
| Calcium | 0.05 |
| Phosphorus | 0.14 |
| Sodium | 0.05 |
| Chloride | 0.07 |
| Methionine | 0.12 |
| Methionine+cystine | 0.29 |
| Lysine | 0.31 |
| Threonine | 0.32 |
Soybean
Soybean is the Excellent source of Crude Protein and Energy in the Poultry Feed. Soybean is full of nutrition. Lysine and threonine present in good amount and availablity of methionine is less compared to others.
Some Important Soybean Nutrients in percentage (%)
| Kcal/kg | 2550 |
| Crude Protein | 48 |
| Calcium | 0.20 |
| Phosphorus | 0.37 |
| Sodium | 0.05 |
| Chloride | 0.05 |
| Methionine | 0.72 |
| Methionine+cystine | 1.51 |
| Lysine | 3.22 |
| Threonine | 1.96 |
Fat Sources – Vegetables Oil And Tallow
Fat is also important part in the poultry feed like other nutrients. It required in the feed according the stage of birds. It appear from the oils like soybean oil, Groundnut oil or Sunflower oil.
Tallow
it is the pure fat which is sourced from slaughter house and it is cheaper than oil.
Protein Sources – Vegetables Sources Animal Protein Sources.
Vegetable Sources Protein
Soybean oil cake
Groundnut oil cake
Cotton Seed Meal
Sunflower oil Cake
Animal Protein Source
Meat and Bone Meal (MBM)
it is the cheap source of very good quality protein used in the Poultry feed. Meat and Bone Meal is a good source of Arginine and Lysine amino acid which helps in the growth of the birds. MBM is also a good source of Calcium and phosphorus. It can easily available from the slaughter house. 50% crude protein available in MBM which is quite good.
Some Important MBM Nutrients in percentage (%)
| Kcal/kg | 2650 |
| Crude Protein | 50 |
| Calcium | 8.0 |
| Phosphorus | 4.0 |
| Sodium | 0.50 |
| Chloride | 0.90 |
| Methionine | 0.71 |
| Methionine+cystine | 1.32 |
| Lysine | 2.68 |
| Threonine | 1.52 |
Blood Meal
It is the high crude protein source and lysine present in good amount. Blood meal is available at cheap cost it important part of Poultry Feed
Fish Meal
It is the excellent source of protein and other nutrients.
Vitamin Supplements – Poultry Vitamin Supplements
Vitamins are quite essential for the growth of the chickens. It contains all the required vitamins A, D, E, K, B1, B2, B12. Etc. The various company makes Broiler or Layer chickens vitamin premixes.
Mineral Supplements – Mineral Mixtures
Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Phosphorus, Chloride and Magnesium, Zinc, Copper, Iron are the common minerals used in the poultry feed.
Calcium is largely required in layer farming as compared to broiler farming.
Sodium
It the component of salt and it is Most required electrolyte for life of chickens. it has to be maintained in the feed as per limit. It should not be less or more in the feed. it unbalanced in the ration which has to balance for better growth.
Chloride
Another important electrolyte for life of chickens. it has to be maintained in the feed as per limit. It should not be less or more in the feed. it unbalanced in the ration which has to balance for better growth.
Di-Calcium Phosphate and Limestone Powder
They are the main sources of calcium or an important part in the Poultry Feed.
Feed Additives – Growth Promoters.
Anti-oxidant
It Prevents the oxidation in the feed and saves from spoil.
Anti coccidial
Anti-coccidial is the drug used in the feed to prevent the coccidiosis disease in the intestine of the birds.
Coccidiosis is caused by Coccidia a Single-Cell-Protozoa which damaged the intestine and do not absorb nutrients.
Mycotoxin Binder
The little-bit fungus always presents in the major sources of feed like Maize and soybean and it grows rapidly. The Fungus present in the poultry feed which produces Mycotoxins. These mycotoxins are harmful and cause huge loose in the poultry industry. For avoiding these mycotoxins from the feed we use Micotoxins Binders. It’s available easily on the feed store.
Enzymes
Enzymes are used to improve the Digestion of Birds for the better FCR. Generally, the body system of birds does not produce enough natural enzyme to digest highly Nutrient Feed. The body produces low enzymes in the pre-starter stage of birds. Therefore its must add Enzymes pre-starter feed.
Probiotic
It is the type of good Bacteria which restrict to grow the Harmful bacteria like Salmano-li, E-coli in the intestine. It is an important part of Poultry feed. Pro-biotic decrease the use of Antibiotic in the feed. Now-a –days Probiotic replaces the anti-biotic.
Choline
It is one of the important nutrients in the feed. Which helps in making the cell of DNA and liver Functioning. The deficiency of choline in chicken restrict the division of cells.
Trace Minerals
It needs in the poultry feed in a minimum amount and it is very essential for the growth of the chickens.
Acidifier
Acidifier restricts in the growth of fungus and bacteria in the feed. It maintains the quality of feed. Acidifier also improves intestinal health.
Phytase
Phytase is used to bind the nutrition in the feed.
Anti-Mycoplasma
Anti-Mycoplasma is used in the farm who largely affected by mycoplasma. It is the Drug can be in feed for the prevention of Mycoplasma. This drug is also available in liquid form which used within the water. It is Mainly Used in the Breeder and layer feed.
Antibiotic
Antibiotic is the drug used to restrict the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. It is also known as growth promoters.
Emulsifier
It is used in the feed for the digestion of fat.
Soda
It is also called Sodium Bi-carbonate. It is used the level the quantity of sodium in the feed.
Salt
It is used to balance the sodium and chloride in the feed.
Feed Type for the Broilers
| Age | Feed Type | Energy (Kcal/Kg) |
Crude Protein (%) |
| 00-12 Days | Pre-Starter | 3000 | 22.5 |
| 13-21 Days | Starter | 3100 | 21 |
| 22- till Slaughter |
Finisher | 3200 | 19.5 |
Note: Energy and Crude Protein may be vary according to requirement of Breed.
How To Make Your Own Poultry Feed
Broiler Poultry Feed Formulation ‘Pre-Starter’ Feed (995 kg)
The ingredient we are choosing for the Pre-Starter feed is
- Corn
- Soybean de-oiled cake (DOC)
- Meat & Bone Meal (MBM).
This three ingredients are 950 kg and remaining are Premixes
| Ingredients | Weight |
| Corn | 594.3. kg |
| MBM | 40.0 kg |
| Soybean DOC | 315.7 kg |
| Oil | 13.75 kg |
| Di-calcium Phosphate (DCP) | 4.81 kg |
| Limestone Powder (LSP) | 13.35 kg |
| Salt | 1.64 kg |
| Soda | 1.87 kg |
| Methionine | 2.456 kg |
| Lysine | 1.768 kg |
| Therionine | 0.2 kg |
| Probiotic | 0.1 kg |
| Maduramycin (Anti-coccidiosis) | 0.5 kg |
| Nano Selenium (Anti-Oxidant) | 0.05 kg |
| Grofort (Growth Promoter) | 0.2 kg |
| Choline | 0.9 kg |
| Phytase | 0.05 kg |
| Acidifier | 0.5 kg |
| Enzyme | 0.5 kg |
| Toxin Binder | 1 kg |
| Trace Mineral | 0.5 kg |
| Vitamin premix | 0.5 kg |
| Vitamin C | 0.09 kg |
| Total | 994.734 kg |
Note: This Formulation of Feed are based on the Calculation.
Broiler Poultry Feed Formulation ‘Starter’ Feed (1000 kg)
The ingredient we are choosing for the Starter feed is
- Corn
- Soybean de-oiled cake (DOC)
- Meat & Bone Meal (MBM).
This Three ingredients are 950 kg and remaining are premixes.
| Ingredients | Weight |
| Corn | 632.8 kg |
| MBM | 40.0 kg |
| Soybean DOC | 277.2 kg |
| Oil | 23.29 kg |
| Di-calcium Phosphate | 3.8 kg |
| Limestone Powder | 12.07 kg |
| Salt | 1.64 kg |
| Soda | 1.87 kg |
| Methionine | 2.26 kg |
| Lysine | 1.24 kg |
| Therionine | 0.2 kg |
| Probiotic | 0.1 kg |
| Maduramycin (Anti-coccidiosis) | 0.5 kg |
| Nano Selenium (Anti-Oxidant) | 0.05 kg |
| Grofort (Growth Promoter) | 0.2 kg |
| Choline | 0.9 kg |
| Phytase | 0.05 kg |
| Acidifier | 0.5 kg |
| Enzyme | 0.5 kg |
| Toxin Binder | 1 kg |
| Trace Mineral | 0.5 kg |
| Vitamin premix | 0.5 kg |
| Vitamin C | 0.09 kg |
| Total | 10001.26 kg |
Note: This Formulation of Feed are based on the Calculation.
Broiler Poultry Feed Formulation ‘Finisher’ Feed (1000 kg)
The ingredient we are choosing for the Finisher feed is
- Corn
- Soybean de-oiled cake (DOC)
- Meat & Bone Meal (MBM).
This three ingredients are 950 kg and remaining are premixes.
| Ingredients | Weight |
| Corn | 671.29 kg |
| MBM | 40.0 kg |
| Soybean DOC | 238.7 kg |
| Oil | 34 kg |
| Di-calcium Phosphate (DCP) | 3.219 kg |
| Limestone Powder (LSP) | 11.52 kg |
| Salt | 1.63 kg |
| Soda | 1.852 kg |
| Methionine | 2.066 kg |
| Lysine | 1.308 kg |
| Therionine | 0.2 kg |
| Probiotic | 0.1 kg |
| Maduramycin (Anti-coccidiosis) | 0.5 kg |
| Nano Selenium (Anti-Oxidant) | 0.05 kg |
| Grofort (Growth Promoter) | 0.2 kg |
| Choline | 0.9 kg |
| Phytase | 0.05 kg |
| Acidifier | 0.5 kg |
| Enzyme | 0.5 kg |
| Toxin Binder | 1 kg |
| Trace Mineral | 0.5 kg |
| Vitamin premix | 0.5 kg |
| Vitamin C | 0.09 kg |
| Total | 1010.675 kg |
Note: This Poultry feed Formulation for broiler is based on the Calculation.
Conslusion
No one will share the Secret feed formula after spending a week on the research and reading a lot of reserch paper on the poultry feed we get this ingrdients and get the formula. if you make your own poultry feed with this formula you can save a Huge money because a major cost spent only in the feed in this Business.
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